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101.
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James Flynn 《海军后勤学研究》2000,47(4):329-352
Consider a single‐item, periodic review, infinite‐horizon, undiscounted, inventory model with stochastic demands, proportional holding and shortage costs, and full backlogging. Orders can arrive in every period, and the cost of receiving them is negligible (as in a JIT setting). Every T periods, one audits the current stock level and decides on deliveries for the next T periods, thus incurring a fixed audit cost and—when one schedules deliveries—a fixed order cost. The problem is to find a review period T and an ordering policy that satisfy the average cost criterion. The current article extends an earlier treatment of this problem, which assumed that the fixed order cost is automatically incurred once every T periods. We characterize an optimal ordering policy when T is fixed, prove that an optimal review period T** exists, and develop a global search algorithm for its computation. We also study the behavior of four approximations to T** based on the assumption that the fixed order cost is incurred during every cycle. Analytic results from a companion article (where μ/σ is large) and extensive computational experiments with normal and gamma demand test problems suggest these approximations and associated heuristic policies perform well when μ/σ ≥ 2. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 329–352, 2000 相似文献
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导弹攻击是舰艇编队海上行动的主要作战样式,其导弹攻击效能的评估十分重要。首先建立了舰艇编队导弹攻击作战效能评价指标体系,然后介绍了评估舰艇编队导弹攻击效能的一种新方法——优序法,该方法应用简单,既可以处理定性问题,又能处理定量问题。最后给出了应用实例,验证了优序法比较适合于对舰艇编队导弹攻击效能进行评估。通过对舰艇编队导弹攻击效能的评估,可以有效地选用合适的舰艇编队样式。 相似文献
105.
A recent paper finds that when volume discounts are available, in some cases, reliance on the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model can induce purchasers to make wealth reducing decisions, and the Present Value (PV) approach should be preferred. While this finding is theoretically correct, the magnitudes of wealth reductions suggested by the paper's numerical examples seem to be questionable. Furthermore, the paper also finds that, in some other cases, a purchaser using the EOQ approach realizes a net increase in current wealth compared to a purchaser using the PV approach. Logic suggests that such a finding cannot be correct, since by its very definition, it is the PV approach that seeks to maximize the current wealth. We offer an alternative frame of comparison and a modified model to show that, under the paper's assumptions, the EOQ approach can never realize a net increase in current wealth compared to the current wealth generated by the PV approach. On the other hand, we also show that when typical values of the relevant parameters prevail, the additional costs imposed by the EOQ approach are not significant. Finally, we suggest that insofar as the PV approach requires greater administrative costs to implement, it may even be counterproductive to the goal of wealth maximization. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 377–389, 1998 相似文献
106.
For a component operating in random environment, whose hazard rate is assumed to be the realization of a suitable increasing stochastic process, conditions are found such that its lifetime is increasing in likelihood ratio (ILR). For the lifetimes of two components of the same kind some comparisons based on partial stochastic orders are presented. Some applications to the case of repairable components are finally provided. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 365–375, 1998 相似文献
107.
The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for a distribution function with increasing failure rate is derived, based on a collection of series system data. Applications can arise in industries where operating environments make available only such system-level data, due to system configuration or type-II censoring. The estimator can be solved using isotonic regression. For the special case in which systems contain one component, the estimator is equivalent to the restricted maximum likelihood estimator of Marshall and Proschan [9]. The MLE is illustrated using emergency diesel generator failure data from the nuclear industry. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 115–123, 1998 相似文献
108.
基于信号分解理论,在非线性秩排序统计滤波器基础上,提出一种新型的非线性滤波器结构——二值秩排序统计滤波器。主要工作包括:(1)提出了滤波器的定义和实现结构;(2)实现算法;(3)滤波特性分析;(4)噪声图象滤波的计算机仿真。理论分析和实验结果表明,本文提出的滤波器具有良好的脉冲干扰抑制能力和边缘保持特性,硬件实现简单。 相似文献
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本文把微分几何中曲线与曲面之间的“切触”概念应用于复杂曲面的数控加工,提出用圆柱铣刀或圆锥盘铣刀的外圆在五坐标联动中加工三维自由曲面的最佳切触条件。 相似文献